Have you travelled on a short term assignment abroad from your company? If yes, then you must have received some amount as living and housing allowances to take care of your daily expenses. Generally, your company pays you a lump sum amount on daily basis to meet your housing, living and travel needs overseas when you are travelling for short term period of about 1 - 3 months.
For example, you might receive $100 per day as a lump sum amount when you travel to USA.
When you travel on short term assignments, your company keeps paying you your Indian salary in India and pays the daily allowances (called per diem) abroad in the native currency i.e. USD in our example. [More]